2011年6月28日星期二

10 Most dangerous airports in the world

Some of the most visited and beautiful places in the world happen just so, the most dangerous airports. Of mountain ranges and oceans to less than half a mile runways go pilots around the world to great lengths to the natural and unnatural obstacles around to avoid these busy airports. Here are the 10 most dangerous airports in the world:

Kai Tak Airport: Kai Tak in Hong Kong Airport no longer exists, but it will forever be remembered as one of the most dangerous airports for its technically demanding landings and low flying routes through the city. Kai Tak Airport was surrounded by skyscrapers and mountains, it particularly difficult for pilots to maneuver that towards the only runway of the airport in Victoria Harbour. Although it fly in and out of a challenging airport, Kai Tak was had closed in a relatively small number of accidents, but 1998 and replaced by new Hong Kong International Airport in the vicinity.Princess Juliana International Airport: the famous Princess Juliana International Airport, also known as St. Maarten international airport, is located on the Dutch island of Saint Martin. The airport is located in close proximity to Maho Beach, where plan Taunter and tourists on jet aircraft to look how they rise to 50 feet above them. Although a beautiful sight to see, is the Princess Juliana International Airport dangerously close to the beach, which makes for a difficult approach. The short start and runway on the water can cause problems, pilots Club "as also the high terrain which can be annoying at the departure level."Tenzing-Hillary Airport: Tenzing-Hillary airport, also known as Lukla airport, is located in the Khumbu ice district in East Nepal. This small airport serves those who are looking to Mount Everest climbing, or the short flight from Lukla to Kathmandu. Tenzing-Hillary airport may be a traveled airport, but landing and abfliegenden here is not an easy task. The altitude, air and mountainous terrain make for very difficult landings. Pilots must also battle of changeable weather, accompanied by strong winds and cloud cover. A further key factor of the airline accidents here is the short, slowly start and runway, on land at is.Gustaf III airport: the Gustaf III airport in St. Jean on the Caribbean island of Saint Barthélemy is located and has a reputation for being a very dangerous airport. The airport short, start and runway sloping ends directly on the beach and is difficult to maneuver departure of sun worshippers and a steep hill due to a dangerously low. There were several close calls at Gustaf III airport and some major accidents along the infamous runway.Madeira airport: Madeira airport in Santa Cruz, Madeira, in Portugal, is known for its beautiful, but dangerous Iceland location. Madeira airport runway infamous is detained between the ocean and mountains, jutting out over the water and by column. Even the best pilots had difficulty in making smooth landings here with the unexpected wind conditions and unified approach to the start and runway. After a tragic crash landing in 1977, the mere 1,600 meters start and runway 200 metres was expanded and doubled in size from 2000.Santos Dumont Airport: Santos Dumont Airport in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, may be one of the busiest airports in the world, but it is also one of the most dangerous. A look at the Santos Dumont short runway, which is surrounded by water and you will know why on the list. This airport of the island has one of the most difficult methods in the world, which has played an important role in the number of serious accidents that have happened here. There have been several cases of pilots exceeded the start and runway, crash in nearby mountains and collision with other planes in the air.Eagle County Airport: Eagle County Airport in the vicinity of Vail (Colorado), may be the second busiest airport in Colorado, but it is to land one of the most dangerous places and start. Every winter skiers fly from Eagle County airport because of its proximity to the Vail and ski resorts in Beaver Creek. Eagle County altitude, mountainous terrain and bad weather make it a challenge for pilots land safely and take on the single runway.Sound Contin international airport: sound Contin international airport in Tegucigalpa, Honduras, is one of the most dangerous airports in the world. She close to nearby mountains and short start and runway landings and departures have made technically challenging. The elevated asphalt start and runway used only 1863 meters long and was difficult, see as a result of a hill before the threshold level. In 2007, the slope has been partially removed and the start and runway was extended two years later. Despite some structural improvements, sound Contin has still deadly crashes, for example, one on 14 February 2011, where plunged a 14 passenger aircraft approach about 20 km from the airport away.San Diego International Airport: San Diego International Airport in San Diego, California, may be the most frequented airport single start and runway in the United States, but it is also one of the most dangerous. The airports only runway is located at the foot of a hill, where various obstacles pilots Club "block overlooking the ground." Visibility is therefore often during strong Santa Ana wind conditions, disabled East landings and departures to the West to go. High terrain and weight limits can also flight risks and in the air and ground traffic problems.Courchevel airport: Airport Courchevel, Courchevel, France, serves the ski resort is located in the French Alps. This leisure airport of also happens one of the most dangerous airports due to the altitude, high terrain and extremely short and sloping runway, which is only 525 metres long. Pilots have often have a hard time navigation to the the Courchevel Airport due to the deep valleys and high height. Only certified specifically to fly pilots even in Courchevel airport, and in contrast to most airports, there is no start procedure for landings due to the very steep, which has seen several accidents in the past.

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10 Politicians defined by indiscretion

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In the topsy-turvy world of politics, a respected career can plummet in just a matter of moments. With today’s ever-present media, few secrets are safe, as evidenced by the recent revelations that former California Gov. Arnold Schwarzenegger fathered a child with a mistress, his former housekeeper, and the disgraced managing director of the International Monetary Fund (IMF) Dominique Strauss-Kahn allegedly sexually assaulted a maid in a New York hotel. They join an extensive list of public officials who are defined by their indiscretions despite the work they’ve done, good or bad, in their respective positions. Read on to reflect on the who’s who of political bad boys.

Dominique Strauss-Kahn, Former Managing Director of the International Monetary Fund: Headlining our list is the aforementioned Strauss-Kahn, whose alleged behavior has repulsed Americans, some of his fellow countrymen in France — though certainly not all of them — and onlookers worldwide. The former lawyer and favorite to supplant current French president Nicolas Sarkozy in 2012 supposedly has a history of misbehavior. In 2002, a French journalist accused him of attempted rape, and in 2008, the IMF investigated allegations that he used his power to coerce a subordinate into an affair. He was forced to resign as the IMF Chief after his bail plea was rejected and he was lodged in a jail. He was granted bail on Thursday.Arnold Schwarzenegger, 38th Governor of California: During the early stages of his campaign for governor in 2003, several women came forward alleging that Schwarzenegger made unwanted sexual advances toward them, leading to "Gropegate." Even though he admitted that he used to partake in bad behavior, his campaign flourished and he won the election by a comfortable margin. Eight years later, after splitting with Maria Shriver, his wife of 25 years, the news surfaced that he fathered a child with their former housekeeper more than a decade ago. Not a good situation for the purported family man.Silvio Berlusconi, Prime Minister of Italy: The plight of Berlusconi’s PDL party in recent elections can be attributed to his most recent sex scandal and the three corruption trials he faces. A poster child for how not to behave while in power, his indiscretions are too numerous to go over here, which is why we provided a list in the link. The man who once said the left "has uglier women" isn’t the most popular among women in Italy, many of whom find his attitude toward their sex repulsive. Currently, he’s in trouble for allegedly paying for sex with a nightclub dancer who was under 18. Fittingly, Berlusconi’s sex parties have become the talk of the world, as opposed to, say, his economic policies.John F. Kennedy, 35th President of the United States: He wasn’t the first Kennedy to have an affair and certainly wasn’t the last, but John’s were a little more memorable. It’s alleged that he had dalliances with numerous women, most famously Marilyn Monroe. Some say their first tryst occurred in Bing Crosby’s house in Palm Springs in 1962, at which point Monroe’s lust for the president evolved into an obsession, worsening her already fragile mental state. Other alleged Kennedy mistresses: Judith Exner, Gunilla von Post and Mary Pinchot Meyer.Bill Clinton, 42nd President of the United States: American presidents certainly haven’t been above womanizing. John F. Kennedy had Marilyn Monroe (among others, as previously mentioned), Dwight Eisenhower had Kay Summersby and Franklin Roosevelt had Lucy Mercer. More than one supposed mistress comes to mind when thinking of Clinton, but Monica Lewinsky was the one who actually managed to cripple his presidency. He had several sexual encounters with her in the White House, most of which took place in the Oval Office. His initial steadfast denial of the affair, which included false testimony under oath, resulted in his 1998 impeachment. Even still, the highest approval rating of his presidency, 73 percent, came on the day he was impeached.Charles, Prince of Wales: Sure, he’s more of a figurehead than a politician, but his high-profile marriage to Diana Frances, better known as Princess Diana, and the drama that unfolded while they were together captivated the world. Their "fairytale" marriage was disrupted by Camilla Parker Bowles, now his wife, whom he had known several years before he met Diana. The affair made headlines in the ’90s after transcripts of an intimate phone conversation between Charles and Camilla were published in the British tabloids. After Charles and Diana separated, Diana cited the affair as the reason their marriage failed.Newt Gingrich, 58th Speaker of the United States House of Representatives and current presidential candidate: Because he was so instrumental in securing a Republican majority in the House in 1994 and the subsequent unified opposition against President Clinton’s policies, there will always be a soft spot in the heart of conservatives for Gingrich. Although he’s an early favorite to win the Republican presidential nomination in 2012, his reputation isn’t exactly squeaky clean. In 1997, he was sanctioned by the House over ethical questions and was unanimously reprimanded. More infamously, while he was a leading investigator during the Clinton scandal, he carried on an affair with House of Representatives staffer Callista Bisek, whom he married in 2000. She will become a familiar face during the upcoming primaries, one that’ll serve as a constant reminder of his hypocrisy.John Edwards, former United States Senator from North Carolina, vice presidential candidate and presidential candidate: A promising 2008 ended in a thud for Edwards when he admitted in August, several months after his candidacy for the Democratic presidential nomination had officially sunk, that he had an affair with former campaign worker Rielle Hunter. She gave birth to a child in February of that year, and Edwards’ campaign aide Andrew Young initially claimed to be the father, which, according to Young, was urged by Edwards. The former senator admitted that he fathered the child in January 2010, 11 months prior to the death of his wife Elizabeth, who had been battling breast cancer since the day John Kerry and Edwards conceded defeat to George W. Bush in the 2004 presidential election.Rudy Giuliani, 107th Mayor of New York City and former presidential candidate: Over the last few years, Giuliani’s personal life has been the subject to scrutiny from the press. He’s been married three times, once to his second cousin, and the relationship with his third wife, Judith Nathan, began while he was still married to his second wife, Donna Hanover. In 2000, he announced his separation from Hanover in a press conference without discussing his plans with her beforehand. Hanover responded by saying their relationship was strained due to his relationship with a staffer, a reference to his former mistress Cristyne Ford Lategano. As a result of his misdeeds, Giuliani became estranged from his two kids — his daughter Caroline supported Obama in 2008.Gary Hart, former United States Senator from Colorado and presidential candidate: Hart’s name will forever be tied to Donna Rice, the 29-year-old model with whom he had an affair during his failed bid for the 1988 Democratic presidential nomination. A frontrunner when he entered the race, the campaign deteriorated with the help of the press, which tailed him until they found evidence of his relationship with Rice. Once the news broke, it became the focus of his campaign, and his poll numbers dropped drastically in New Hampshire and Massachusetts. He eventually dropped out of the race, returned and then dropped out again, and Michael Dukakis won the nomination. Hart is proof that Monkey Business can ruin a once promising political career.

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10 Landmark trials in women's rights

By Nancy Farrell

On Tuesday March 29 began discussions the class action challenge of workplace policies of Wal-Mart, marking the start of what the largest Supreme Court case about women's rights might be in decades. With six California women filing the lawsuit against the discount retail powerhouse Wal-Mart faces some very serious gender inequality fees. As women's rights once again come questions in the national spotlight, it is important to recognize that have reached many milestones of women's rights activists in the course of history and understand the many challenges still. The following provides a list of the 10 of most important Supreme Court on the rights of women in the history of the United States.

Muller v. Oregon (1908): while this Supreme Court case not just was successfully result for women's rights, it was a decision of principle in the case in the history of gender equality. Unanimously, the Supreme Court upheld an Oregon State law limiting women work no more than ten hours a day (which was not the case for men). This decision was negative, in that it a position of inequality between men and women expressed. Claim that the judgment was set in place to protect"women", confirmed this result only the patriarchal ideal that women are less sex. Muller v. Oregon, however some positive effects, Kindle begins a widespread public debate on women's rights and gender equality.Roe v. Wade (1973): now one of the most infamous Supreme Court Justice in history cases, Rowe felled v. Wade a Texas law to restrict abortion. Texas had a law in force, that it a crime for a woman to get an abortion and the courts decided that the State interest in protecting the health of a pregnant woman as well as the potential life had to against a woman the right to privacy be balanced. The Roe v. Wade decision much politics today transformed and began the national debate on the morality of abortion.Adkins v. children's Hospital (1923): In this case the Supreme Court ruled that a federal law establishing a minimum wage for women was unconstitutional. Although the States by women (as set in the Muller v. Oregon case) working hours were system, decided that could do things differently than the regulation of wages, women supreme courts that regulation was hours. As a result of Adkins v. Children Hospital judgment women have the same rights as men, when it comes to work wages. In this case should keep Inc. v. Betty Dukes case an interesting place within the Wal-Mart stores, which began this week.Griswold v. Connecticut (1965): one of the most important cases in women's rights history, Griswold v. Connecticut involved a Connecticut State law banning the use of contraceptives. This landmark ruling right founded on privacy within marriage, although this was not expressly guaranteed in the Constitution. Married women were granted the undoubted right to the use of contraceptives by the right to privacy. During the judgment not the question of the use of contraception outside of marriage, it was a step in the right direction for women's rights.Phillips v. Martin Marietta Corporation (1971): Title VII prohibits discrimination by employers on the basis of race, color, religion, sex or national origin. Supreme Court in the case of Phillips v. Martin Marietta Corporation marked the first sex discrimination case in accordance with Title VII. The Court unanimously ruled that employers to hire not women with preschool age could deny setting while men with children the same age.Reed v. Reed (1971): Killed in a unanimous decision, the Supreme Court of Justice an Illinois law on the gender discrimination within the appointment of the management of a property. A few that had separated, lost her son, who left no Testament. The man and the woman, Sally and Cecil Reed, were for control of her son estate fight. An Illinois law explains that "Men women must be preferred" when dealing with appointment of estate administrator of the estate was named administrators and as Cecil Reed. This specification was found undeniable gender bias and the Court of Justice, that the law of unequal treatment of men and women was unconstitutional.Eisenstadt v. Baird: during the Supreme Court case Griswold v. Connecticut approached the issue of contraceptive use among only married couples, Eisenstadt v. Baird against a ban on the distribution of contraceptives unmarried persons Massachusetts law. This case was a right to protection of privacy to individuals, married or single extended. The law in Griswold v. Connecticut case on each generation expanded sex this case announced. While more on equal rights for those who are married and are those the only focused this case, it is in itself the rights of women and of the own control over their personal lives.Pittsburgh Press Co. v. Pittsburgh Commission on human relations (1937): the Supreme Court in the case treated with first amendment questions of freedom of expression and gender discrimination issues. The Court ruled that a Pittsburgh regulation that illegally, give it a gender requirement in job offers was legally sound. The Pittsburgh press printed job offers into three categories: "jobs-male interest", "jobs-wife interest" and "Man-woman." These gender specifications were deemed unconstitutional by any court, those which were submitted to you.International Union, UAW v. Johnson controls, Inc. (1991): Johnson controls, Inc. had a policy that get inflicted lead jobs with exposure resulting from the potential damage from fertile women to fetuses as a result of lead poisoning. But the company had not announced a similar policy in place for fertile men, even though it was, that lead exposure could have dangerous effects on the male reproductive system. The Supreme Court unanimously ruled that the company not with job positions might differ based on gender.United States v. Virginia (1996): the Supreme Court ruled 7-1 against Virginia Military Institute only male admissions policy. Virginia Military Institute (VMI) was the only public institution links in the United States with the male only passion. VMI offered in response to the gender debate a female only parallel program in a separate location. This proposal was shot down by the Court of claims, that the female programme could offer the same prestige, alumni connections, school, or military training as VMI. While at first the school decided in favour, a District Court the Fourth Circuit ruled that VMI was in direct violation of the US Constitution.

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15 Musicians who have done time

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By Nancy Farrell

There’s probably something to the fact that most musicians who’ve gone to prison come from the country and hip-hop fields, but it’s going to take some graduate-level thesis work to extrapolate the real meaning. The easiest observation to make is that those genres tend to prize performers whose personas are rooted in anti-establishment lyrics and actions, and that the art and artist fed each other to the point where going to prison started to seem like one of those things you did to start your career or reinvigorate it. Or who knows, maybe people just crack under pressure regardless of what kind of music they make. Whatever the reason — feel free to insert your own — there are plenty of musicians who’ve done time over the years, whether it’s for minor infractions, drug charges, or serious crimes. It just goes to show that no matter how many fans you get, you’ve still got to deal with the boys in blue.

Steve Earle: Steve Earle’s musical career is divided into two halves: his records before prison, and those that came after. He got his start in Nashville writing songs for country artists and gradually doing more performing on his own, and his profile rose with his 1986 debut, Guitar Town, and later records like Copperhead Road. But in the early 1990s, the wheels pretty much came off. He gave in completely to his heroin addiction, and he didn’t record for years. In 1994, he was arrested and jailed for posession, which was essentially his low point, locked up after years out of the public eye. But in a weird way, the stint behind bars focused his style. When he got out a year or so later, he released Train a Comin’, an acoustic album that mixed originals with covers, and that was shortly followed by I Feel Alright. Both received critical acclaim and reignited his career. He’s since kicked his bad habits.Chuck Berry: Chuck Berry was not a young man to be trifled with: from 1944-47, while he was still a teen, Berry did hard time for armed robbery. That would’ve been his last brush with prison if not for a later application of the Mann Act, which is officially called the White-Slave Traffic Act. The Mann Act prohibited white slavery and the transporting of white women across state lines for what the language deemed "immoral purposes"; the real purpose was to apprehend men accused of sleeping with underage women. In December 1959, a young woman alleged that Berry had sex with her after taking her across state lines to work as a hat-check girl. He was sentenced to five years in prison in the spring of 1960, though a series of appeals lowered that to three years, of which he served 18 months.Sid Vicious: John Ritchie was dead at 21 from a heroin overdose. The man lived a short, troubled, erratic life, and he dealt with the law up to the end. Lover Nancy Spurgen was fatally stabbed in October 1978, and Sid Vicious was charged with the murder. Details surrounding her death were fuzzy, but the public verdict came in against Sid almost instantly. Sid made bail in February and wound up overdosing the night of his release at a family gathering. He died before he could be tried for Nancy’s murder.Merle Haggard: Merle Haggard spent time in San Quentin State Prison in the late 1950s for robbery. He’d been in trouble with the law since a teen, when shoplifting and larceny sent him to juvenile hall time and again. He started to get his musical career going with the help of friend and performer Lefty Frizzell, but the threat of being broke again pushed him to rob once more. He was in San Quentin for three years, during which time something pretty cool happened: he saw Johnny Cash perform. The first of Cash’s many prison concerts was in January 1958 at San Quentin. Hag got his life together, earned a GED, and started recording when got out, and not long after that he was dominating country music.Tupac Shakur: Tupac Shakur didn’t live to see 26, and he spent many of his few years dealing with the law. In February of 1995, he was sentenced to prison (for a term of 1 1/2 to 4 1/2 years) for the charge of sexually assaulting a woman in a New York hotel room in 1993. Tupac’s side was that he’d hooked up with the woman a few days before; she alleged that he and several other men had gang-banged her, though Tupac countered that he’d fallen asleep after having sex with her and didn’t know what happened. He was found guilty, but in a sad twist, he was shot several times in November 1994, right before the verdict in his trial was to be announced. As a result, he was in a wheelchair for his wounds when he made it to court days later to hear his guilty verdict read. He entered prison in February 1995 and was released 11 months later, having released the smash Me Against the World while behind bars.Jim Gordon: Jim Gordon had an epic career going as a session drummer, appearing on the Beach Boys’ Pet Sounds, playing with dozens of artists, and eventually joining the briefly assembled Derek and the Dominos for their only effort, Layla and Other Assorted Love Songs. He co-wrote the infamous piano coda to "Layla" with Eric Clapton, a tune that’s been used just about everywhere. By the end of the 1970s, though, Gordon was suffering from what would later be diagnosed as acute paranoid schizophrenia, and he complained of symptoms including hearing voices. In June 1983, he killed his mother by stabbing her with a butcher knife, and though his condition was considered during the trial, he was ultimately convicted of second-degree murder and given a sentence of 16 years to life. He’s still in prison.Phil Spector: Phil Spector’s known for his producing work, but he got his start on the other side of the microphone. Before he was even 20, he’d formed a group called the Teddy Bears that had a hit with "To Know Him Is to Love Him," which hit No. 1 on the charts and was covered by others over the years. After that, he stuck to writing and producing, and he had his hand on so many hits that to even attempt to list them here would be ridiculous. (Here’s a list to get you started.) His musical career came to an end around 2003, though, when actress Lana Clarkson was shot and killed at Spector’s home. Spector was charged with the murder, and though the first trial ended with a hung jury, the second one resulted in a conviction. In May 2009, he was sentenced to 19 years to life in prison, and he’s currently serving his time at the California Substance Abuse Treatment Facility and State Prison.Rick James: Despite (or because of) his pop success, Rick James had a rough life. In the early 1990s, with his music career cooling down, James gave in to his crack addiction (on which he spent as estimated $7,000 a week for five years) and participated in some bizarre and sordid acts. In 1991, James and Tanya Hijazi (his future wife) allegedly kidnapped and beat Mary Sauger, a music industry executive, in Los Angeles. Out on bail, James and Tanya then kidnapped a young woman and held her hostage for days while sexually assaulting her and burning her with a crack pipe. James earned a five-year sentence — the judge, clearly no fan of funk, called the sentence "a gift" — and wound up serving two years in Folsom Prison. His attempts at a comeback were derailed by health issues, and he died in August 2004 from a variety of heart and other issues that were no doubt compounded by the number of drugs in his system at the time.Johnny Paycheck: Johnny Paycheck was born Donald Lytle, but he adopted the name of a boxer when he started shaping his recording career in the late 1960s. He’d been singing a while by then, but it was as Johnny Paycheck that he tasted real success, notably for "She’s All I Got" and his cover of David Allan Coe’s "Take This Job and Shove It." His outlaw image became real in 1985, when he got sucked into a bar fight in Ohio and shot at a man with a .22 pistol, sending the bullet cutting along the guy’s scalp. He was sentenced to seven years in prison, though when he finally began doing time in 1989, he served just under two years before being pardoned by Ohio Governor Richard Celeste.Ike Turner: Ike Turner’s musical career and personal life have been nothing if not controversial — his second marriage, to Tina Turner, was marked by abuse and heavy drug use, according to Tina’s autobiography — and that includes some serious prison time. Apparently a major fan of cocaine, Ike was busted for possession in the 1980s and sentenced to four years, though he only served two. The sentence was also tied to drunken driving and a parole violation. Unfortunately, the drugs were never far away: he died in 2007 at age 76 from a cocaine overdose.James Brown: The Godfather of Soul was no stranger to prison cells. He saw his first one when he was just a teenager, doing three years for theft. In 1988, he was involved in a car chase with police that crossed from Georgia into South Carolina, a crazy incident that saw him hit with weapons and drug charges that totaled up to earn him a six-year prison sentence, of which he served three. After his death, the release of his FBI file showed that Brown claimed he and his vehicle were actually assaulted by law enforcement, and that the chase hadn’t been as one-sided as it appeared at the time. Still, Brown did plenty of other stuff that had him cross paths with police even if he didn’t do time for it, notably decades of domestic violence.Bobby Brown: Bobby Brown, that big basket of crazy, has had an up-and-down career as a group performer, solo artist, and husband to the equally unhinged Whitney Houston. He’s done a few brief stints in prison, and though none have been the longer sentences that other musicians have seen, they’re still an embarrassment. He was jailed in Georgia in 2004 after a series of misadventures that started with DUI and possession charges and led to parole violations. In 2007, he was briefly jailed in Massachusetts when he didn’t show up for a court date or pay child support to a former girlfriend.Lil Kim: Lil Kim went to prison not for committing a crime but for lying about her knowledge of it. In 2001, outside the office of New York’s Hot 97, Kim’s entourage got into a brawl with rapper Capone and his companions. Capone had recently put out an album with a track that knocked Lil Kim, and the two groups decided this was worth going to the mattresses over. Soon enough, the shooting started, and one man wound up shot in the back. Kim then lied to police about her knowledge of the cause of the fight and her relationship with those present, and for that she was convicted of perjury and conspiracy. In 2005, she was sentenced to prison for a year and a day, and she served her time in Philadelphia, earning release after 10 months.Peter Yarrow: Peter Yarrow’s by all accounts a pretty innocent guy: as part of Peter, Paul, and Mary, he sang earnest protest music, cut the children’s hit "Puff, the Magic Dragon" (which he emphatically states is not about drug use), and basically made a living being a hippie. But in 1970, he spent three months in jail for doing something monumentally stupid. Yarrow, who was past 30 by then, was convicted of engaging in sexual behavior with a 14-year-old girl. He pleaded guilty to taking "immoral and indecent liberties" with her and served his time, though he was officially pardoned in 1981 by President Carter. Yarrow apologized for the incident and moved on with his career.Lil Wayne: Lil Wayne (pictured above) is as known for his collaborations and mix tapes as he is for solo records, but he’s also had more than his share of criminal problems. In July 2007, after his first headlining performance, he was arrested outside New York’s Beacon Theatre for gun possession. (This after cops took him into custody for openly smoking weed with another guy, which for an up and coming musician seems really stupid. Even Willie Nelson knows to spark up in privacy.) He pleaded guilty to the charge of criminal possession, but his sentencing was repeatedly delayed for dental surgery. Eventually, in March 2010, Lil Wayne was sentenced to a year in prison to be served at Rikers Island in New York. He was released that November on good behavior. His time in prison actually helped him out of another jam: On tour in Arizona in 2008, he was busted for possession of narcotics, and though he pleaded not guilty in 2008, a bench warrant was issued for his arrest in 2010, when he was at Rikers. He was sentenced to three years of probation.

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2011年6月27日星期一

10 Incredibly inspirational prison programs

For many years, forced labor and prison ministries were the only forms of rehabilitation and assistance to which a prisoner could get. Since then, prisons have opened its doors to non-profits, educational programs and rehabilitation services that are dedicated to helping prisoners to live better and prepare for the challenges of the code format order society. Here are 10 incredibly inspiring prison programs:

Prisoners reading encouragement project: the prisoners reading encouragement project (PREP) is a non-profit organization that is dedicated to improving the literacy and education for inmates. This 11-year-old program teaching the public about the educational needs of the prisons, is also seeking to both create scholarship funds for mates in tuition fees and textbooks in prison. PREP collecting new and gently used books, videotape, cassettes for prison libraries and inmates in courses enrolled or to do independent study. This inspiring prison program has donated more than 55,000 books to 23 different prisons in New York, literacy and education eager passengers.Just detention international: just detention International is a non-profit organization which ends and the resources and support for survivors of prison rape is dedicated to the widespread sexual abuse of male and female prisoners. Since 1980 this organization based in Los Angeles has with policy makers, advocates, corrections leaders and prison rape survivors end this devastating problem, and ensure government accountability for prison rape worked. JDI is also anxious, educate the community about sexual violence in custody and how the system not to protect occupants.Human kindness Foundation: the human kindness Foundation is a non-profit organization that created the inspiring prison-Ashram project. This program headquartered North Carolina is encouraging prisoners and prison staff recognize their strength and purpose as human beings and help them according to behavior is required. The teachings of the prison Ashram project will be centered, "The simple life, service and personal spiritual practice" believe the founders for inmates is more accessible, the distractions and outside influences. The program promotes also inmates, responsibility for their prison and communities, as well as the focus of their behavior and actions towards others take over.Fortune society: fortune society is a non-profit social service organization that is committed to that inmates re-enter society after prison and promote alternatives to imprisonment. Fortune society helps arrest or earlier prison inmates by education, drop-in services, employment services, family services, health services, housing assistance, treatment of drug abuse and many other rehabilitative services are their success of prison essential. This program serves nearly 3,000 men and women in three service centers in New York City area.Prison fellowship: Prison Fellowship is a national, nonprofit organization created by the former Special Counsel to President Nixon, Charles Colson, who was imprisoned for charges in connection with the Watergate. After his seven months in prison, Colson prison started Fellowship help develop prisoners or rebuild a relationship with Christ. Prison Fellowship reaches this goal is transformation Ministry, which enables churches and voluntary, prisoners local to reach former prisoners and their families. This program helps strengthen also prisoners according to bring, their relationship with family members, friends and their community.Prison s.m.a.r.t.: Prison s.m.a.r.t. is a program sponsored by the International Association for human values, which strives, the life of all prisoners, to improve correctional employees and people working within the criminal justice system through stress management and rehabilitative training. Participants learn to reduce stress, trauma healing and negative emotions to deal with, so that they can a healthier life and give back to society in a positive way. IAHV prison s.m.a.r.t. worked with more than experienced the benefits of increased self-esteem, realistic conflict resolution, violent behavior reduces 350,000 participants of which many have, and balanced sleep pattern.National Center on institutions and alternative: NCIA is dedicated to actors help all in the criminal justice system, whether these prisoners, former prisoners, correctional workers or family members of prisoners by specialized advocacy, prevention and counseling programs are. NCIA supports its customers that increase adjustment, as well as on opportunities on probation or strategies for the chance of parole inquire make. This inspiring organization also focused on several different areas of the prison reform, as well as youth and adult living problems.Pathways to hope prison dog project: Pathways to hope's prison dog project allows inmates, often unwanted dogs work in the development of a strong, loving bond with man's best friend. Prisoners learn, how you take care of another is as well as give and receive love. The prison dog project made such a lasting impression on prisoners, that many former convicts have even their own grooming businesses, training centres started and worked with people with disabilities and guide dogs.The Petey Greene prison assistance program: the Petey Greene prison assistance programme is composed of a group of Princeton students and urbanites that go in the vicinity of New Jersey read prisons to teach and the occupants in their, write, and math skills to support. The voluntary teaching or tutor based on their interests and needs of the occupants. This program for three years and contributed significantly to inmates who improve their skills and be confident in academics.Insight prison project: the insight prison project is a rehabilitative program for prisoners, which is trying to prevent relapse into crime and improve public safety. Former convicts and professional staff teaching learning tools for positive change their life prisoners, the skills and life and responsible, productive members of society when they are released. Some highlights are: victim impact accountability, rational restructuring, emotional literacy and intelligence, and embodied integration.

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10 Most corrupt State Governments

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It seems that political corruption is influenced by several intrinsic factors that are almost impossible to change. Some states have struggled with the same issues of embezzlement, extortion and bribery for centuries, and have done little to change for the better, which explains why, as Americans, we’re perpetually cynical about our elected officials, despite purporting ourselves to be a moral beacon for the world. Charles Caleb Colton said it best: "Corruption is like a ball of snow; once it’s set a rolling, it must increase." The following state governments are proof of that, as their politicians have routinely made headlines for their wrongdoings. Hopefully, some day, each will undergo a sort of moral cleansing and make changes for the better.

New York: The last few years have been rough for New York governors. First, Eliot Spitzer resigned in 2008 after it was revealed that he had made several liaisons with a call girl. The investigation of possible bribes led to the ordeal. His successor, David Paterson, was accused of witness tampering in a domestic abuse case involving a staffer and lying under oath about charges he obtained free tickets from the Yankees for the World Series — he was ultimately fined $62,125 for the latter. Of course, New York City was infamous for its corruption during the 19th century, when Boss Tweed, leader of the Tammany Hall political machine, stole between $25 million and $45 million from the city.Tennessee: Under the radar of the nation’s dirtiest states flies Tennessee, which experienced an enormous scandal in 2005 known as Operation Tennessee Waltz. Seven lawmakers were arrested on bribery charges, all of whom were already suspected of corruption. Led by State Senator John Ford, who took a $55,000 bribe, they agreed to push legislation to help a phony company named E-Cycle comprised of federal agents. Sadly, the legislation almost passed. On the plus side, however, Ford is now serving a 66-month federal prison sentence and faces additional corruption charges in Nashville for accepting $800,000 in bribes from medical contractors.Illinois: Former governor Rod Blagojevich infamously tried to sell President Obama’s vacated senate seat, and has managed to further embarrass Illinoisans by relishing the resulting limelight, notably appearing in season nine of Celebrity Apprentice. He was impeached and removed from office in January of 2009, the same month Obama was sworn into office, and has been the subject of more than a dozen federal investigations since 2005. Blago is the sixth Illinois governor to have been arrested or indicted in the state’s history. George Ryan, his predecessor, is currently serving a six-year prison sentence for his role in a scandal involving the illegal sale of truck operators’ licenses for political contributions. He was one of 79 state officials, lobbyists and other participants who were charged for their participation.Mississippi: Southern states such as Tennessee, Mississippi and Alabama have long had established good ol’ boy networks supporting cronyism and general elitism. Mississippi’s most recent high-profile corruption case, however, involved someone who detested the old way of doing things in the South. As a prosecutor, Bobby DeLaughter secured the conviction of Byron De La Beckwith, the man who murdered civil rights leader Medgar Evers in 1963 — the Rob Reiner film Ghosts of Mississippi famously depicted the trial. As a state judge, he ruined his career after lying to a federal agent who was investigating a gift of $1 million his friend received that came from a corrupt attorney who intended to influence a case. Currently, DeLaughter is serving an 18-month prison sentence.Florida: The prevalence of Florida’s corruption is evident in the numbers. From 1998 to 2007, it led the nation in the number of federally convicted public officials with more than 800. Things haven’t improved much in the ensuing years — for example, last December, the state Republican Party was subpoenaed for its financial records in a corruption inquiry by the FBI, IRS and U.S. Attorney’s Office. Apparently, party big wigs went on a spending spree using party-paid American Express cards. Not long before that, there were criminal inquiries into the state’s former House speaker, a chairman and a fundraiser. The ball is still rolling in the Sunshine State.Virginia: Virginia tax payers can’t be pleased with the handling of their hard-earned money. In January, former Del. Phillip A. Hamilton, one time a member of the state’s House Appropriations Committee, was indicted by a grand jury on bribery and extortion charges. Responsible for overseeing a bill that sought $500,000 to construct a new teaching center at Old Dominion University, he successfully obtained a $400,000 per year job from the school, an apparent abuse of power. Also recently, former Secretary of Finance John W. Forbes II was given a 10-year prison sentence for stealing $4 million from a fund purposed to support literacy.New Jersey: When New Jersey does corruption, it does it big. See Operation Big Rig, an ongoing investigation that has been undertaken in three phases since 2002, netting a total of indictments of more than 60 public officials and people connected to them. The third phase, which involved real estate developer Solomon Dwek and an extensive money laundering network, resulted in the arrest of 44 people in 2009, including 28 political officials for corruption. The operation has caused the demise of several high profile political figures.Ohio: Amid the state’s economic struggles, Ohio hasn’t had much else to hang its hat on — aside from the Buckeyes, anyway. Its former governor Robert Taft was convicted in 2005 of ethics violations for his involvement in Coingate, an investment scandal centered on Republican Party fundraiser and coin dealer Tom Noe, who stole $13 million from a fund for the Bureau of Workers’ Compensation. In 2002, former congressman James Traficant was found guilty of bribery, racketeering, filing false tax returns and forcing aids to do work on his farm. He served seven years in prison, during which David Duke kindly offered his support. After he was released, he ran for his old seat in the 2010 election — not exactly the national representation Ohio needed.South Carolina: Then-Governor Mark Sanford’s 2009 disappearance and the resulting revelation that he was having an extramarital affair with an Argentine journalist made for juicy headlines. The fallout included his resignation as Chairman of the Republican Governors Association and a censure due to his misuse of travel funds. Once discussed as a presidential candidate, his stock took a significant hit because of the scandal, though it may not slow him down in 2012. This year, Willie E. Randall, Jr., former Union County Tax Assessor, certainly outdid Sanford in the dirtiness department, pleading guilty to a number of charges including extortion and accepting bribes. What’s more, he pled guilty to conspiracy to distribute cocaine and methamphetamine.Alabama: Alabama’s state legislature took a bit of a PR hit in late 2010, when four state legislators, three lobbyists and four others were charged in a scandal that involved bribery, extortion, money laundering, obstruction of justice, making a false statement and mail and wire fraud. The legislators, of course, took and even demanded bribes. Earlier in 2010, former Birmingham mayor Larry Langford was sentenced to 15 years in prison for soliciting and receiving $236,000 in cash, jewelry and clothes from businessman and former Alabama Democratic Party chairman Bill Blount.

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10 Most terrifying plane hijackings of ever

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By Nancy Farrell

Although flying the friendly skies is statistically the safest way to travel, the feeling of helplessness that comes when there’s any hint of danger is quite unsettling. Most frequent flyers have been on planes that encountered at least moderate turbulence, for example, and despite the fact that it’s not as dangerous as, say, an engine malfunction, most people can’t help but brace themselves for the worst possible outcome. Now imagine that experience times ten, with an unpredictable hijacker who’s hell-bent on making a political point to the world. Such dire situations can be difficult for the crew, passengers and law enforcement to handle, as evidenced by the incidents listed below. Excluding the unforgettable 9/11 attacks, these hijackings were among the most terrifying in the history of air transportation.

El Al Flight 426 (1968): El Al Airlines, based in Israel, has always been a target for prospective hijackers. For that reason, it has taken thorough measures in recent decades to ensure passenger safety, and as a result, it’s one of the safest airlines around. Its biggest blemish, one that changed its procedures for the better, occurred when Flight 426 was commandeered by three members of the Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine (PFLP). Initially traveling from London to Rome, the plane was diverted to Algiers, where war had been declared on Israel a year earlier. All Non-Israeli passengers were released, leaving 12 Israeli passengers — 10 women and children were released at the end of the week — and the crew of 10. It took 40 days of negotiations to reach an agreement, and everyone — including the hijackers — were freed. A conflict between Israel and Algiers could’ve resulted without a resolution.Dawson’s Field Hijackings (1970): In a single day, four planes were simultaneously seized by the PFLP gunmen, who forced two to fly to Dawson’s Field in the Jordanian desert. All 310 passengers were freed, but Jewish passengers and the flight crews consisting of 56 members were kept behind. Expecting a hostile effort to free the hostages, the PFLP blew up the empty planes, demanding the release of the body of Patrick Arguello and the detained Leila Khaled, both of whom failed in their attempt to hijack El Al Flight 219. Conditions were met, and a conflict ensued between Hashemite King Hussein of Jordan and Palestinians known as Black September.Air France Flight 139 (1976): Six years after the Dawson’s Field incident, two members of the PFLP and two members of German Revolutionary Cells took control of Air France Flight 139 en route from Athens to Paris and diverted it to Benghazi, Libya. After releasing a female hostage who was pretending to have a miscarriage, the 247 remaining passengers and crew of 12 were taken to Entebbe Airport in Uganda, where four more hijackers joined the effort. Demanding the release of 40 Palestinians detained in Israel and 13 in other countries, they threatened to kill hostages if they were ignored. Operation Entebbe followed, as 100 elite commandos from Israel traveled to the site and stormed the scene amid a haze of gunfire to rescue the hostages. When the smoke cleared, three passengers, an Israeli commando and 45 Ugandan soldiers were killed. One passenger who was at the hospital was later murdered. Overall, 105 passengers were saved.Lufthansa Flight 181 (1977): Destined from Palma de Mallorca to Frankfurt Lufthansa with 86 passengers and five crew members aboard, Lufthansa Flight 181 was hijacked in midair by four militant Palestinians — members of the PFLP — who called themselves "Commando Martyr Halime." One invaded the cockpit with a pistol and demanded the flight to Larnaca, Cyprus , but it was diverted to Rome due to insufficient fuel. After traveling to Cyprus, Bahrain, Dubai and Aden, it settled in Mogadishu, and Operation Feuerzauber, primarily undertaken by West German counter-terrorism group GSG 9, resulted in a hostile raid of the plane and the killing of two hijackers and the injuring of the others, one of whom was mortally wounded. All 86 passengers survived.Malaysia Airlines Flight 653 (1977): The hijacking of Malaysia Airlines Flight 653 remains a mystery more than three decades later. Not long after departing Penang for Kuala Lumpur, Captain G.K. Ganjoor reported an "unidentified hijacker" was aboard and later reported they were "proceeding to Singapore." Eventually all communication was lost, and the plane crashed in Kampong Ladang, Tanjong Kupang, killing all seven crew members and 93 passengers, including Malaysian Public Works Department Head Dato’ Mahfuz Khalid, Malaysian Agricultural Minister Dato’ Ali Haji Ahmadand, and Cuban Ambassador to Japan Mario Garcia. Some suspected that a member of the Japanese Red Army was to blame, though no evidence exists to prove it.TWA Flight 847 (1985): Six members of Hezbollah and Islamic Jihad were responsible for the infamous two-week ordeal involving TWA Flight 847. En route from Athens to Rome, the plane was overtaken just after takeoff and diverted to Beirut, where 19 passengers were released, and Algiers, where 20 passengers were released. The plane returned to Beirut, and the hijackers proceeded to single out United States Navy Seabee diver Robert Stethem, beat him, fatally shoot him and dump his body onto the ramp. Seven American passengers with Jewish-sounding names were removed from the plane and held hostage elsewhere in Beirut. The plane traveled back to Algiers, released 65 passengers, and returned to Beirut. The hijackers made several demands, including the release of the "Kuwait 17" involved in the 1983 bombing of the U.S. embassy in Kuwait and international condemnation of the U.S. and Israel. Eventually, the 40 remaining hostages were released and nobody else was harmed.EgyptAir Flight 648 (1985): Remembered as one of the world’s bloodiest and scariest plane hijackings, the events aboard EgyptAir Flight 648 will forever serve as a reminder of how not to deal with terrorists. After three Palestinian members of the Abu Nidal Organization took control of the plane destined from Athens to Cairo, an Egyptian Security Service member opened fire, killing one of the hijackers. In return, he was shot dozens of times and killed. As a result of the exchange of bullets, the fuselage of the plane was punctured, and the pilot was forced to descend so that everyone on board could breathe. Low on fuel, the plane landed in Malta against the wishes of Maltese authorities, and a stand-off commenced. Eleven passengers and two injured flight attendants were released, but Maltese Prime Minister Karmenu Mifsud Bonnici’s hard-line approach resulted in the execution of two American passengers. Egyptian commandos later stormed the plane, causing a chaotic, fiery scene — from either the explosives from the commandos or grenades from the terrorists — in which 56 of the 88 remaining passengers were killed. Sixty of the 92 passengers initially on board were killed.Pan Am Flight 73 (1986): While preparing to depart for Frankfurt from Karachi, Pakistan, four members of the Abu Nidal Organization, dressed as Karachi airport security guards, hijacked Pan Am Flight 73. The crew immediately escaped through an overhead hatch in the cockpit, grounding the plane. In response, an Indian-American passenger was executed after demands that the crew return to the plane weren’t met. Later, as the plane sat in darkness without power and Pakistani authorities prepared to storm in, a grenade was tossed and random shooting began. In the end, 20 passengers will killed, but many escaped due in part to the heroics of 22-year-old flight purser Neerja Bhanot, who helped them off the plane and shielded three children from bullets.Iraqi Airways Flight 163 (1986): Air safety was a major concern in the Middle East in the mid-1980s, as deadly hijackings were becoming more common — see the previous three paragraphs. Iraqi Airways Flight 163, traveling from Baghdad to Amman with 91 passengers and 15 crew members, was taken by four men affiliated with Hezbollah. Security personnel immediately attempted to neutralize them, but they responded by detonating grenades in the passenger cabin and cockpit, causing the plane to crash near Arar, Saudi Arabia. Sixty passengers and three crew members died.Ethiopian Airlines Flight 961 (1996): Captured on camera by a South African honeymooner on a beach in the Comoros Islands, the video of the descent and crash of Ethiopian Airlines Flight 961 stunned the world. It was hijacked by three nervous and disorganized Ethiopians who were seeking political asylum in Australia. Knowing he didn’t have enough fuel to make such a trip, Captain Leul Abate traveled toward the Comoros Islands, hoping to find an available runway. When both engines failed, he was unable to locate Prince Said Ibrahim International Airport and was forced to ditch in shallow waters. Numerous residents and tourists swam to the aid of the passengers. Even still, the ordeal was costly, as 122 of the 172 passengers and crew members died.

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10 Most dangerous gangs in America

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Since the mid-19th century, dangerous gangs have roamed the streets of America’s major cities, exerting their control over criminal enterprises and wreaking havoc on their enemies. According to the FBI, there are 20,000 of these organizations throughout the country with more than 1 million members. As they’ve grown and become more complex by necessity, expanding their money-making endeavors, law enforcement has taken more extensive efforts to curtail their activities. The following are the number-one targets, the gangs with the most power and most potential to disturb the peace. It will require the most committed members of the criminal justice field to take them down.

Mara Salvatrucha (aka MS-13) — all over the U.S.: Most distinctive about the MS-13 is the brutality with which it operates, a tool used to intimidate its rivals. Members are involved in drug distribution, murder, prostitution, rape, kidnapping, robbery, carjackings and home invasions, each of which carry the possibility of innocent civilians being victimized. Founded in Los Angeles during the ’80s, where numerous gangs are headquartered, MS-13 has expanded its operations into at least 42 states. The gang consists mostly of Salvadorians, with the accompaniment of Hondurans, Guatemalans, Mexicans and other immigrants from Central and South America. Although it doesn’t have a concrete leadership structure, different cliques throughout the country keep in contact with each other for recruitment and "business" purposes.Latin Kings — mostly Chicago, but all over the U.S.: Considered by many to be the best-organized Latin gang in the country, the Latin Kings have a rigid hierarchy and various tribes stationed in different states. Currently, the imprisoned Gino Gustavo Colon, who was locked up on charges of conspiracy to distribute cocaine and other drugs, is said to be the leader. Members strictly adhere to the constitution — the Manifest — which details the three life stages of Nation life — The Primitive Stage, The Conservative or Mummy Stage, and The New King Stage. Because the gang was originally established in Chicago, most members, many of whom are Mexican-American, remain there.Crips — mostly Los Angeles, with sets in Texas, Missouri and Oklahoma: Until his execution in 2005, charismatic co-founder Tookie Williams was the Crips’ most reputable spokesperson. Despite changing his ways while in prison during the early ’90s, he was still feared by those who understood his previous influence. Established in 1969, his gang has expanded beyond Los Angeles, encompassing between 30,000 and 35,000 members in some 800 sets. An effective marketing tool for the gang, aside from Williams’ publicity, has been the supposed affiliation of rappers such as Snoop Dogg and the late Easy-E. Most Crips are African American, though some white, Hispanic and Asian members have been inducted.18th Street Gang — mostly Los Angeles, with some members in other parts of the Southwest: For more than five decades, the 18th Street Gang has participated in everything from distribution of cocaine and marijuana to producing fraudulent Immigration and Customs Enforcement identification cards, the latter of which is testament to its sophistication. With an estimated 30,000 to 50,000 members, many of whom are illegal aliens from Mexico and Central America, it has just recently garnered the attention of the FBI, which has conducted raids across the country in an effort to neutralize it. The FBI considers it a transnational gang because of its reach into Mexico, Central and South America, but little evidence shows there’s a structured global network.Hells Angels — all over the U.S., with members in parts of Europe and Australia: One of the most famed gangs in America and worldwide — and certainly the most famed biker gang — are the Hells Angels, and with their loud Harleys, large gatherings and collectively intimidating demeanor, have both awed and scared Americans since 1948. Appropriately, the name was inspired by fighting squadrons from both World Wars, and the gang is unabashedly violent, partaking in criminal activities such as extortion, drug dealing and the trafficking of stolen goods. Most impressively, the gang’s influence extends into countries such as Germany, The Netherlands, Spain, The United Kingdom and Australia, among others.Bloods — mostly Los Angeles, with members in almost every state: It’s a well-known fact that the Bloods are the historical rivals of the Crips. Both battled over territory in Los Angeles as crack cocaine became the money-making drug during the ’80s. Both are divided by sets consisting of the same demographic of young African-American males, whom they recruit from the low-income areas of the city. However, because of the intense infighting between Blood members, the gang is no longer considered a major threat to the Crips, and isn’t as formidable as some of the more prominent gangs in the U.S. — though it’s still dangerous.Mongols — mostly Southern California, with members in 14 other states, Australia, Mexico and parts of Europe: Formed as an alternative gang for guys who were refused membership with the Hells Angels due to their race, the Mongols somewhat resemble their more popular counterpart, with members spread across the U.S. and chapters overseas. They specialize in the same criminal activities, including extortion and drug dealing, along with any other activity that has potential to be lucrative. Infamously, in 2002, the two gangs engaged in a confrontation in Nevada in which a Mongol and two Hells Angels were killed. In recent years, the FBI has cracked down on the gang. In 2008, for example, Operation Black Rain ended with the apprehension of 38 members.Nuestra Familia — inside and outside Northern California federal and state prisons: Given the brutality that usually occurs within our prison system, it should come as no surprise that gang activity thrives behind the walls — it’s merely protection. Nuestra Familia formed as a rival to the Mexican Mafia, a similarly-composed prison gang consisting of Mexican Americans. Outside of prison, it earns money primarily through drug trafficking, extortion and racketeering, criminal activities that resulted in the crippling Operation Black Widow, in which 22 members were indicted on RICO charges. During the operation, it was estimated that the gang was responsible for more than 600 murders in the previous three decades. After a decade of regrouping, Operation Knockout crippled the gang in 2010, ending in the arrest of 37 members. Even still, it’s believed that it has more than 2,000 members in prison and more than 40,000 members outside of the walls.Mexican Mafia — inside and outside California federal and state prisons: The Mexican Mafia is the original Mexican prison gang. As a burgeoning organization in the late ’50s and early ’60s, it united rival gang members from the outside and bullied non-members in California prisons, establishing itself as a force to be reckoned with. Inside and outside of the walls, it’s involved in extortion and drug trafficking, and in addition to its rivalry with Nuestra Familia, it has battled with the Black Guerilla Family and Aryan Brotherhood, now an ally. In the past, it has worked with the Los Angeles crime family, an Italian-American organization, in criminal activities, proving that it’s willing to try new measures to make money. Members of the gang are extremely loyal, as the penalty for disloyalty is often death.Aryan Brotherhood — inside and outside California, Texas, New York, Arizona, Ohio and Indiana federal and state prisons: With their distinctive swastika tattoos and general bodily adornment of symbols celebrating white pride, it’s not difficult for fellow inmates to identify members of the Aryan Brotherhood. That’s a good thing for their enemies given that they’ve accounted for a large portion of prison deaths in recent years despite existing in relatively small numbers. For the past two decades, the gang has transformed itself into more of an organized crime syndicate, relying on drug trafficking and prostitution as its main sources of income. It’s allied with the Mexican Mafia, and its rivals include Nuestra Familia, the Bloods and the Crips. Subject to several prison round ups during its history, the gang has been difficult to weaken because many of its highest ranking members were already serving harsh sentences when new charges were brought forth.

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The 8 most dangerous border cities in America

For many years, border towns were safe and attractive for tourists and an impression of an alien culture, food, shopping and nightlife to visit. Today, these cities have a very different image that often happens by violence and crime on the border is overshadowed. Here are the 8 most dangerous towns:

El Paso: The West Texas City of El Paso shares a border with Ciudad Juárez in Chihuahua, Mexico, which is the most dangerous city in Mexico and one of the worst in the world. In recent years, violence in Juarez has begun on the U.S. side, El Paso residents, law enforcement and first responders endanger spill. Juárez is a battleground for drug-related violence and these groups showed no mercy to Americans. In 2010, stray bullets from a gun battle in Juárez El Paso Town Hall and a University beat building, allowing police to shut down a major border highway.San Diego: along the border from San Diego, California, Tijuana, one of the dangerous and violent cities in Mexico is located. Tijuana of drug and human trafficking rings have in San Diego, which every year infiltrated several murders and kidnappings. Fighting between drug cartels and car theft crimes are also very common along the border. Another concern along the San Diego-Tijuana border is the brutal rape of women and girls of traffickers in human beings.Calexico: Calexico, California, is located on the border of Mexicali in Baja California, Mexico. Calexico has to pass more than 60,000 people every day through the city. Drug smuggling is a major issue in Calexico, where many smuggling tunnels have been discovered and microlights have drop storage bins have been seen of marijuana on the American side. The most dangerous places one of Calexico is the all-American Canal, which is three miles from US port of entry in Calexico. Every year drowning attempt this dangerous body of water and America dozens of illegal aliens. Border patrol agents are often attacked, if you try to save illegal aliens along the Canal.Brownsville: Brownsville, Texas, lies across the border at Matamoros, Tamaulipas in Mexico, where drugs wars and violence become more and more common. This city has close to Mexico several problems along the border, including gun battles that have beaten building at the University of Texas at Brownsville and forced police cross border bridges shutdown caused. Brownsville sees its fair share of drugs, weapons and human trafficking crimes also across the border.Columbus: the small town of Columbus, New Mexico, shares a border with Puerto Palomas in Chihuahua, Mexico. In recent years become a breeding ground for organised crime, where an estimated 10% of the population of 2,000-person in illegal activity may be included Columbus. Drug traffickers have their homes here and is the town of small police scandal-ridden and constantly in disarray. This was not apparent in March, when the Mayor of Columbus, the City Police Chief and the village trustee under several city were charged with firearms after Mexico officials for trafficking in human beings.Laredo: Mexico borders, Laredo is a South Texas City on the North Bank of the Rio Grande, the Nuevo Laredo in Tamaulipas. For many years, Laredo was the target of the cartel violence and drug trafficking for Mexican gangs, and has added ransom kidnappings, a high speed chase and a record-breaking weapons bust in the list of criminal activities that happened there. In 2010, the US Consulate in Nuevo Laredo of explosives was damaged, was thrown over the wall from Mexican gang members.Nogales: Nogales, Arizona, shares a border with Nogales Sonora, Mexico. The Mexican city of Nogales is ridden with violence and gang activity, which has succeeded in the US side in the last few years to crawl. The ongoing battle for control of the trafficking routes along the U.S. Mexico border has brought Nogales, Arizona residents at greater risk. Last year, an Arizona rancher was killed by a Mexican smuggler on his property and a massive in connection with the gang killed and wounded six began shooting in close to the border, 21 people.McAllen: McAllen is located at the southern tip of Texas in the Rio Grande Valley and is five miles from the U.S. Mexico border. It is the Mexican city of Reynosa, Tamaulipas, which is notorious for drug trafficking and border violence. 2008, One of the most brutal drug cartels in Mexico, Los Zetas, found its way into McAllen, again the control of drug trafficking routes in America. Mexican gang led reinforcements to increased drug smuggling, money laundering, arms smuggling and immigration problems in McAllen, Texas.

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9 Ways school has changed since Columbine.

Opened 12 years ago two restless students fire at their high school Littleton, Colorado, 13 people killed and himself. The Columbine High school massacre will forever remain the worst school shooting in U.S. history and a reminder that school system has dramatically changed our nation. Here are nine ways that has changed since Columbine School:

Increased school security: Schools have their security measures significantly increased, since the 1999 Columbine massacre. Are some of the common school security upgrades: metal detectors, security cameras, required ID badge, enforced dress codes, prohibited or see-through backpacks and police on the campus. These often expensive security measures were much controversies, especially on the rights of students and invasion of privacy.Increased communication: because the Columbine shooting, schools have taken new steps to communication between students, teachers and school violence, weapons, harassment and other threats to increase. Administrators have asked students adult, report security concerns, so that they can correctly resolve the situation, before something is escalating. Open communication and students helped participate in the exchange of information, to prevent school attacks.Zero-tolerance policy: After the Columbine massacre, schools have really threats and bullying put their foot on student by enforcing the zero-tolerance policy, to punish any violation of the rule regardless of ignorance, accidents or other circumstances. Most schools have adopted a zero-tolerance policy for the possession or use of weapons and drugs. Students, staff, parents, and other school visitors who are in possession of a weapon or drugs, be punished. Zero tolerance has too many reviews and overreact of school districts, as for example students expulsions nail clippers or a knife cut to bring a cake to the school.Increasingly conscious schools and communities as a whole haveincreased awareness: The warning signs are associated with troubled students and school attack since Columbine. Students, teachers, and parents are much more their environment in the school alert, and eighth closer to odd behavior. Note schools special emitted and inclusion promote a sense of belonging and promote the gap between. However, this increased level of awareness and attention to students can breed also paranoia in the school system.Student privileges are limited: the school environment has undergone several changes since Columbine, and students had to say goodbye to their beloved privileges in the process. Although generally low, many schools have made the switch to mandatory school uniforms to violence, to reduce theft, avoiding wearing a gang colors and badge, with the help also school officials to detect intruders in the school. Lose privileges in addition to the dress code, some schools have also abolished off campus lunch and students, ID badges are so Department and police to keep a close eye on all force.Emergency crisis plans: prepared for school shootings since Columbine, schools will have more by implementing Lockdown drills similar to fire and natural disaster drills. These emergency crisis plans typically include cover the classroom Windows, locks the doors and student sit in silence under their desks with their heads covered.Bullying and violence prevention programs: developed after the Columbine shooting, schools have to prevent initiatives anti-bullying and violence, bullying and provide support for victims of bullying. Violence and bullying prevention programmes have contributed to, students, teachers and parents understand the harmful effects of bullying, while they teach how to prevent it. These programs offer also a place of safety for victims and bullies, to speak about their experiences with bullying.More mental health advice: mental health counseling has become a standard in many U.S. schools especially after Columbine. Students are often of counselors and school psychologists to determine on the basis of their risk to self and others to see. Mental health advice is necessary for security reasons, but there is also an essential part of therapy for these troubled students.Cell phones are allowed on the campus: In an effort to which parents to facilitate location know their children leave, most schools allowed students to have cell phones on campus. An emergency, such as Columbine students now have a way to communicate with their parents or law enforcement agencies with their mobile phones. Before the Columbine, some schools approved shoot cell phones on campus are carried out or on premises used, but this decision has caused a lot of errors in the classroom, and has even given bomb threats and other attacks on the school.

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